sack in/ out

go to sleep for a prolonged period 睡觉；睡个够

Shut up and sack in．别讲话，睡觉。

Where are you going to sack in for tonight？你今晚睡哪儿？

safe and sound

not hurt；unharmed平安地；安然无恙地

They returned safe and sound from a dangerous expedition．他们冒死探险，现已平安归来。

In spite the storm，the plane landed at the airport safe and sound．那架飞机在大风雨中安全降落。

sail in

1． enter a port进港

It was on June 3rd that our ship sailed in．我们的船是6月3日进港的。

2．（ladies，etc．）enter in a stately or dignified manner（贵妇人）仪态万方地走进

They were talking of Mrs．Swift when she sailed in．他们正谈论着斯威夫特夫人时，她风姿绰约地走了进来。

3．take decisive action 采取断然行动

He sailed in and finished the job．他一鼓作气，完成了任务。

4．enter an argument or dispute energetically 起劲地参加争论

Just as we thought the heat had gone out the discussion，Mrs．Hughes sailed in．在我们感到讨论陷入冷场时，休斯太太兴致勃勃地加入了讨论。

sail into

1．enter in a dignified or stately manner 大摇大摆地走进来；仪态万方地走进来

She sailed into the hall with her head held high．她昂着头傲慢地走进了大厅。

2．attack with great strength 猛击

George grabbed a stick and sailed into the dog．乔治抓过一根棍子，猛打那条狗。

3．criticize hard 严厉批评

I could hear Mother sailing into the children for bringing mud into the house．我听见母亲在狠狠责备孩子们把泥带进了屋里。

sail under false colors

pretend to be what one is not 冒充

I had so much wisdom as to sail un der false colors in this foolish jaunt of mine．我居然能在这次愚蠢的漫游中机智地更名改姓，真是聪明。

They are not real merchants．They are political spies sailing under false colors．他们不是真正的商人，他们是伪装的政治间谍。

salt away

save（money）for the future 存钱；储蓄

He salted away part of his wages each month．他每月储存工资的一部分。

satisfied with

completely pleased with 对…满意

Your money will be returned if you are not satisfied with the goods．你对货物如不满意，钱将如数退还。

save face

save one's good reputation，popu larity，or dignity when sth．has happened or may happen to hurt sb．保全名誉；保全面子

They gave him a choice of resign ing，to save face．他们给了他自动辞职的机会以保全他的面子。

I think it would be better if you admitted your mistake instead of trying to save face．我认为你还是认错的好，不要死要面子了。

save one's breath

keep silent because talking will not help 省点力气别开口；免开口

What you are saying will not make any difference to me，so you may as well keep your breath．你所说的对我不会产生任何作用，所以你最好是免开尊口。

Save your breath．There is no chance that he will agree． 省点力气吧，他是决不可能同意的。

save one's neck/skin

save from danger or trouble 免于遭殃；使摆脱困境

He's saved his neck，thanks to his counsel，but people will always suspect him．多亏他的辩护律师才使他免受绞刑，但人们将永远以怀疑的眼光来看他。

You really saved my neck by help ing me check up on many details in my paper；otherwise I couldn't have got the work done in time．你替我核对了这篇论文中的许多具体细节，真是帮了个大忙，否则我根本不可能及时完成这篇论文。

save the day/situation

bring about victory or success，esp．when defeat is likely 反败为胜；转危为安

The forest fire was nearly out of control when suddenly it rained heavily and saved the day．森林火灾几乎无法控制，但一场瓢泼大雨，把它浇灭了。

They were ready to retreat，but re inforcements arrived in time and saved the situation．他们正准备撤退时，增援部队及时赶到，一下扭转了局势。

save up

keep up for future use 储存

Tom was saving up for a new bicy cle．汤姆在攒钱准备买辆新自行车。

You should save some money up，instead of spending it all．你应该存一些钱，不要全花光。

say no（to）

not agree；refuse 不同意；拒绝

You can ask him but he'll most probably say no．你可以去征求他的意见，但他很可能不会说什么。

His mother never said no to any re quest the child might make．这孩子的母亲从没拒绝过他提出的要求。

say nothing of

without even considering；not to mention 根本不考虑；更不用说

Three people were badly hurt，to say nothing of the damage to the building．3个人受了伤，还未把大楼的损坏情况考虑在内。

say sth．between one's teeth

speak in a low voice 低声说话

He is so weak that he can only say something between his teeth．他太虚弱了，只能低声说话。

scarcely…when

as soon as 刚…就

Scarcely had be gone out when it began to rain．他刚出去，天就开始下雨了。

scare off/away

make sb．leave through fear 吓走

We keep a cat to scare the mice off．我们养猫吓唬老鼠。

The birds were scared away by the dog．鸟被狗吓跑了。

scare up

find with some effort 努力筹措（找到）

The boy scared up enough money to go to college．这个男孩筹足了钱上大学。

score off

1．cancel by drawing a line through 划去

Three of the names on the list had been scored off．名单上有3个名字被划掉了。

These words have been scored off．这些词被划掉了。

2．make oneself appear clever by making sb．else appear stupid 羞辱；使丢脸；驳倒；在辩论中击败（某人）

She likes to score off people when she can．一有可能她就想胜过别人。

I hate conversations where people try to score off each other．我讨厌人们那种彼此都想驳倒对方的谈话。

score up

set down as a record 记下

The innkeeper scored up the man's indebtedness on the slate．酒店老板把那个人欠的帐记在石板上。

scornful of

feeling contempt for；holding in scorn 鄙视；看不起

He is scornful of such a selfish and haughty man．他藐视这样一个自私又狂妄的人。

search for

look for 寻找

The villagers are helping to search the woods for the missing child．村民们帮忙在树林里寻找失踪的孩子。

They searched all the drawers for the missing paper．他们翻了所有的抽屉寻找那个丢失的文件。

He who would search for pearls must dive below．要找珍珠就得下深海。

search out

find by searching；search for and find 找到

The lawyer searched out the weak ness in the witness's statement．律师找到证词中的漏洞。

There he searched out an old friend of his．他在那儿找到了他的一位老朋友。

seat oneself

sit down 坐下

He seated himself at the writing table，and began to write the arti cle．他在写字台前坐下，开始写文章。

They seated themselves upon a bench that stood by the lake．他们在湖畔的一条长凳上坐下。

second thoughts

reconsideration；change of mind or opinion 再次考虑；改变主意

At first Mary agreed to marry John，but soon she was having sec ond thoughts．起初玛丽同意和约翰结婚，但是很快她就改变了主意。

The brave soldier had no second thoughts as he attacked the enemy．这位勇敢的战士进攻敌人时毫不犹豫。

On second thoughts，I'll do the ex periment at once at any cost．再次考虑后，我决定将不惜任何代价立即做实验。

second to

inferior only to；next to 仅次于

My English is second only to Tom's．我的英语仅次于汤姆的。

second to none

the best 最好的

As a football player John is second to none．约翰是最好的足球运动员。

In playing the violin she is second to none in our school．论拉提琴，她在我们学校里要算首屈一指了。

see about

1．make arrangements for 安排

It is time for me to see about（cook ing）dinner．我该准备饭菜了。

I think I'd better see about the tick ets．我看我最好去把车票的事办一下。

2．consider further 进一步考虑

There are all kinds of things that have to be seen about．有各种各样的事情需要考虑。

We cannot give an answer yet，but we shall see about it．我们现在还不能答复，但我们会考虑的。

see after

look after 照顾

John's mother told him to see after his younger brother．约翰的母亲告诉他要照顾好弟弟。

Who'll see after the house when you are gone？你外出时谁来替你照看房子？

see eye to eye

agree fully 完全一致

Mother did not see eye to eye with Father on where we would go for our vacation．关于我们究竟到哪儿去度假，父母意见不一致。

After repeated discussions，we be gan to see eye to eye on that matter．经过反复讨论，我们逐渐对那个问题取得了一致意见。

see/think fit

decide that an action is necessary，wise or advisable 认为合适；认为（做某事）适当

I don't see fit to tell you all my plans．我认为把我所有的计划都告诉你是不合适的。

We'll leave this entirely to you，so do as you see fit．我们把这件事全托付给你了，你看着办吧。

see into

1．study；investigate 研究；调查

The director has promised to see in to the matter for us．主任已答应替我们调查此事。

2．know or understand the real na ture or meaning of 理解…的性质或意义；看破

Suddenly the teacher saw into Linda's strange actions．突然间老师明白了琳达的古怪行为。

It's difficult for me to see into his full meaning．我很难弄清他的全部意思。

see off

go to say or wave goodbye to sb．upon his departure 为…送行

Wives used to see their husbands off to work at the front door，but this is no longer common．妻子们过去习惯在门口目送丈夫们去上班，这在现在已不常见了。

We saw the visitors off at the bus stop．我们把客人送到汽车站。

When Marsha flew to Cleveland，Flo saw her off at the airport．玛莎去克利夫兰时，弗罗在机场为她送行。

see out

1．accompany to the door，etc．送…到门口

Please don't get up，I'll see myself out．请不必起来，我自己能出去。

Miss Jones will see you out of the building．琼斯小姐将送你出这座大楼。

2．stay and witness（sth．）to the end 看完

We saw out the long play．我们看完了那个长剧。

Peter's assignment was hard but he saw it out to the end．彼得的作业很难，但他坚持把它做完。

3．last until the end of sth．干到底；用到底；坚持到底

We have enough food to see out the winter．我们的食物足够过冬了。

I am ninety on my next birthday，but I hope to see a few more years out yet．下次过生日我就满90岁了，我希望再多活几年。

It may take a long time，perhaps five years，but we will see it out．这也许要花很长的时间，可能要5年吧，但我们要干到底。

see over

inspect（a building，an estate，etc．）in order to buy，rent，etc．察看；视察

I should not think of making an of fer for the house until I had seen over it．我要看过房子，才考虑给这房子出多少钱。

I'd like to see over the house．我想检查一下这房子。

see the light

1．publish 出版；问世

These famous letters first saw the light about fifty years ago，when they were discovered and pub lished．这些著名的信件大约是50年前问世的，那时候它们被发现并出版了。

2．understand or agree；accept sb．'s explanation or decision 领悟；接受别人的意见

We've been telling him all along that he ought to make the store more attractive，I guess he's finally seen the light．我们一直对他说他应该把商店搞得更吸引人一些，我想他终于明白了这个道理。

He wouldn't agree，no matter how hard we argued，but eventually he saw the light and changed his mind．不管我们怎么讲，他总是不同意，但后来终于领悟并改变了自己的主张。

see through

1．understand or not be deceived by（a trick）识破（诡计）；不上当

Mother saw through Johnny's ex cuses not to go to bed on Christmas Eve．She knew he wanted to stay up to see Santa Claus．母亲看穿了约翰尼在圣诞夜不睡觉的借口。她知道他是想等着看圣诞老人。

We easily saw through the man and his lies．我们轻而易举地看破了这人和他的谎言。

2．do until sth．is finished 做完（某事）

Once Charles started a job，he saw it through until it was finished．查尔斯一旦开始一项工作，就要把它做完。

Before I leave，I would like to see the project through．我要把这任务完成后再走。

3．help（sb．）through difficulty 帮助（某人）度过难关

His business was about to fail，but his banker saw him through．他的生意行将失败，但他的财东帮助他度过了难关。

She was very upset when her hus band died but her friends saw her through．丈夫的去世使她非常难过，但她的朋友们帮她度过了悲伤时期。

4．be enough for or last 够用

This money will see us through the week．这笔钱够我们用一个星期。

I think we have enough bread to see us through the weekend．我看现有的面包足够我们吃到周末了。

see to

attend to or deal with 照料或处理

While Donna bought the theatre tickets，I saw to the parking of the car．唐娜买戏票，我则负责停车。

The telephone out of order again？Why，it was only last week that it was seen to．电话又出毛病了？嗨，上个星期刚刚找人看过。

see to it

make sure；take the responsibility务必使；负责

See to it that the door is safely locked．务必锁好门。

We saw to it that the child was fed and bathed．我们负责给孩子喂饭、洗澡。

seeing that

since 既然

Seeing that he refused to help us，there's no reason why we should now help him．既然他过去不肯帮助我们，现在我们也没理由该去帮助他。

seek after

try to gain as by inner enquiry 探索；寻求

Many people spend years seeking after peace of mind，often with little success．许多人花多年时间来寻求精神上的平静，但通常收效甚微。

He is the kind of man who is al ways seeking after truth．他是那种始终追求真理的人。

seek out

look for and find；single out 找出；挑出

They sought him out from among the crowd．他们在人群里找到了他。

He is still seeking out a suitable as sistant．他仍在想法物色一个适当的助手。

Such inspection methods seek out surface flaws in materials．这种检验方法可以找出原材料表面的瑕疵。

seize（up）on

take and use eagerly 抓住并积极利用

You have to seize on every chance of success as it is not likely to be re peated．你必须抓住每个成功的机会，因为这种机会不大可能再来。

She seized on the chance of going to New York to work．她抓住了去纽约工作的机会。

seize up

stop working suddenly（as of a machine）（机器）突然停止运转

If you fail to oil the engine regu larly，it would seize up without any warning．如果你不定时给发动机加油，它就会突然停止运转。

sell out

1．sell all of 卖光

The shop sold out all their shirts．商店卖完了所有的衬衫。

The day after the blackout，most stores sold out their entire stock of flashlights within a few hours．停电后的这一天，大部分商店在几个小时之内就卖光了他们所有库存的手电筒。

Tickets for the football match were sold out in two hours．足球比赛门票两小时内就售完了。

2．be disloyal or unfaithful to 背叛

He can't be trusted not to sell out his friends if he is in a position to make a profit．我们不要指望他在有利可图的情况下不出卖朋友。

sell up

1．sell one's major assets 变卖主要财产

The new supermarket has been so successful that some small shop keepers have had to sell up．那家超级市场经营非常成功，使得一些小店主不得不歇业。

After farming for over ten years in Britain he sold up and went abroad．他在英国务农10多年后，变卖财产出国去了。

2．sell sb．'s property for payment of debt 将某人的财产变卖抵债

Old Williams went bankrupt，and was sold up by his creditors．老威廉斯破产了，他的全部财产被债权人变卖了。

send away

1．cause to depart 使离开；送走

He sent his son away to school in America．他把儿子送往美国念书。

The letter was sent away in the evening mail．那封信是夜间邮班送出的。

2．dismiss 开除；赶走

Send the boy away，Mary；he is a little nuisance．玛丽，把孩子打发走，他是一个小讨厌鬼。

The boss sent little Jack away on some pretext or other．老板用某种借口把小杰克开除了。

send away for

request by post 写信索要

He sent away to one of the daily papers for a free calendar．他写信向一家日报社免费索取一份年历。

He wants to send away for some books．他想写信邮购一些书。

send down

1．expel a student from a universi ty 开除

As a result of the inquiry，two stu dents have been sent down．调查结果，两个学生被勒令退学。

2．cause to go down 使下降 Perhaps that will send her temper ature down．那样或许会使她的热度降下去。

The glut of apples sent the prices down．苹果大量上市使价格降了下来。

send for

1．ask sb．to attend 请…来

Send for a doctor；a man has been hurt．去请医生，有人受伤了。

The police were sent for immedi ately the disturbance began．骚乱刚一开始，警察就被叫来了。

2．send an order for sth．订购

I have sent for a dozen copies of the book．这书我订购了12本。

If you wish to see the book，I'll send for a copy．你要是想看这本书，我就去订购一本。

send forth

1．produce 长出（枝、芽等）

Trees send forth new leaves in spring．春天里树木长出新叶。

2．emit；pour out 发出；使流出

The sun sends forth light and heat．太阳发出光和热。

The plant sends forth billows of smoke and steam．那家工厂放出滚滚浓烟和蒸汽。

3．issue；dispatch 寄发

The parcel must be sent forth at once．这包裹必须马上寄出。

They sent forth lots of people into the harvest．他们派出许多人参加收割。

send in

1．hand in 递送；呈送

Have they sent in the accounts？他们把帐单交上来了吗？

He has already sent in his resigna tion．他已提出了辞职。

Applications must be sent in by May 5．申请书必须于5月5日前交上来。

2．send for a competition or an ex hibition 送…参加比赛或展出

Send in your contest entries to this station．把参加比赛的名单送到本站来。

We sent in two pictures for the show．我们送去两幅画参展。

send off

1．post 邮寄

Have you sent off that letter yet？那封信你寄了吗？

2．see off 为…送行；送别

A great crowd gathered at the sta tion to send the football team off．一大群人聚集在车站为足球队送行。

send on

1．send ahead or in advance 先送；先遣

We'll have our luggage sent on by train．我们把行李先交火车运去。

The sales manger had pressing business which kept him Shang hai，so he sent his deputy on to represent him in Guangzhou．销售部经理因急事耽搁在上海，因此他派副手前往广州做他的代表。

2．readdress and repost 转寄；转送

Would you kindly send on the en closed letter to Xiao Wang？劳驾把附来的信转交给小王好吗？

I'll send on any letters that come for you．给你的信我都将转给你。

send out

1．emit 发出（光亮等）

This lamp sends out a powerful beam．这种灯可发出强光。

2．produce 长出（枝、叶）

Trees send out new shoots in spring．树木入春就长出新芽。

3．dispatch 派遣；发送

He sends out many invitations．他发出了许多请柬。

The company sends out thousands of circulars every month．这家公司每月发出数以千计的通知。

send up

1．cause to go upward 使上升；提高；加大；发射

Any increase in production costs is bound to send up prices．生产成本一提高就必然引起物价上涨。

The climbers sent two men up to in vestigate the rockfall．登山者派两个人上去调查滚石情况。

The distressed ship sent up a flare．遇难的船向空中发出了闪光信号。

2．destroy 毁坏

The terrorists sent the bridge up．恐怖分子炸毁了大桥。

3．ridicule sb．or sth．esp．by imi tating 讽刺性模仿

The play sends up the advertising industry．该剧是讽刺广告业的。

The students here love to send up the staff．这里的学生爱模仿教职员的动作取笑。

4．sentence sb．to imprisonment判…入狱

Do you know that Milton was sent up for fifteen years？你知道弥尔顿被判刑15年吗？

send word

inform；notify 告知

He sent word to me that he would not be able to come．他通知我说，他不能来了。

Xiao Zhang has just sent word． She'll be a little late．刚刚带信来说，她可能会晚到一会儿。

serve as

work as 充当

Let those who can serve as teachers．能者为师。

It may serve as teaching material by negative example．它可以作反面教材。

serve out

distribute 分发

The cook served out tins of food to all the mountaineers．炊事员把罐头食品分发给所有的登山队员。

serve sb．right

receive one's just punishment 罪有应得；活该

He failed his examination．It served him right because he had not studied．他考试不及格活该，因为他没有学习。

It serves you right to have lost your purse．You were always too care less about leaving it around．你丢了钱包活该，因为你总是粗心，到处乱放你的钱包。

serve one's time

1．fulfil one's term 做满任期

He has served his time in the army．他已服役期满。

2．spend one's time in prison for a crime 服刑

He served his time in prison．他在狱中服刑。

serve up

prepare and serve（as food）准备并端上（饭菜）；上菜

Father caught a trout and Mother served it up at dinner．爸爸捉了条鲑鱼，妈妈将它烧好后端上餐桌。

set about

1．begin 开始

Benjamin Franklin set about learn ing the printer's trade at an early age．本杰明·富兰克林早年就开始学习印刷术。

I'll set about preparing supper．我去做晚饭。

2．attack 袭击

When I refused to give him mon ey，he set about me with a stick．我不给他钱，他就用棍子打我。

They set about each other furious ly．他们使劲地扭打起来。

set against

1．balance against sth．用（某物）抵消

Certain business losses can be set against taxes．有些经营损失可以用来抵税。

2．oppose sth．firmly 坚决反对

Mary's father was set against the marriage from the beginning．玛丽的父亲从一开始就坚决反对这桩婚事。

All those who set themselves against the people will come to no good end．一切与人民为敌的人，都没有好下场。

set apart

1．reserve 留出；拨出

They decided to set a day apart for the work．他们决定拨出一天的时间来干这项工作。

2．make sb．or sth．special or dif ferent from others 使突出；使…不平常

His intelligence set him apart from the other boys in his class．他的才华在班上的男孩中很突出。

Her bright red hair sets her apart from her sisters．她头发绯红，同姐妹们迥然不同。

set aside

1．keep or choose（money or time） for some purpose 特意留出（钱或时间）

The busy executive set a weekend aside for a small trip with his family．这位繁忙的官员腾出一个周末和家人一起作了一次短途旅行。

Every month we tried to see aside a few dollars．每个月我们都设法积蓄几美元。

2．pay no attention to；reject 不理睬；拒绝

The complaint was set aside as of no importance．这个投诉被认为不重要，因而不被理睬。

I'm afraid we must set aside your request fot more equipment．恐怕我们要拒绝你要求更多设备的申请了。

3．annul 废止；宣告无效

The Supreme Court set aside the decision of the lower courts．最高法院驳回了下级法院的判决。

set back

1．delay the progress of sth．延期；耽搁

The snow this winter set back the building of our new house by two months．今冬的一场雪使得我们新房子的修建耽搁了两个月。

The harvest was set back by bad weather．由于天气恶劣，收割推迟了。

2．put back 拨回；使回转

Let's set back the clock half an hour．咱们把钟拨回半个小时。

It's impossible to set back the clock of history．要使历史车轮倒转是办不到的。

3．cost 花费

Her new boots set her back 70 dol lars．她花了70美元买了双靴子。

4．position well back 使缩进去

The house is set back some distance from the street．这房子造得离街面有一段距离。

set down

1．let sb．out of a bus or other ve hicle 让…下车

The driver will set you down just outside our house．司机会送你到我们家门口的。

2．place；put down 把…放下

She set down the tray on the table and went out．她把盘子放在桌上就出去了。

Set down your bags and take a rest．把包放下来，歇一会儿吧。

3．write down 定下；记下

I will set down the story as it was told to me．我将按我听说的情况写。

He was good at setting his thoughts down on paper．他善于把自己的想法记录在纸上。

4．consider；attribute 认为；把…归因于

He set her attitude down to shy ness．他把她的态度归因于害羞。

when he heard the man speak，he set him down as a fool．他听了那个人讲话后，认为他是个傻瓜。

The failure was set down to bad planning．这次失败是由于计划不周全而造成的。

set eyes on

see 看到；望到

None of us had ever set eyes on a generator before．我们过去谁也没有见过发电机。

When she set eyes on the green hills，she felt deep excitement．当她见到了翠绿的小山时，感到异常激动。

set fire to

cause to burn；start a fire 使燃烧；点燃

The sparks set fire to the carpet．火花燃着了地毯。

NO one knows who set fire to the building．没人知道是谁放火烧了那栋楼。

set foot in/on

arrive at；step into 进入；踏上

From the moment you set foot in this house you've been grumbling—now what's wrong？你进屋后就一直在唠叨，到底出了什么事？

Armstrong was the first man to set foot on the moon，in July 1969．阿姆斯特朗是第1个登上月球的人，时间是1969年7月。

I left him，determined never to set foot in that house again．我离开了他，决心再也不进那屋了。

set forth

1．explain exactly or clearly 阐明

The President set forth his plans in a television talk．总统在电视讲话中阐明了他的计划。

She willingly set forth her opi nions．她主动提出了她的意见。

2．start to go somewhere 出发

The troops set forth on their tenmile hike early．部队一大早就进行10英里的行军去了。

set forward

1．promote 推动

Their enterprise was set forward by the increase of capital．资本的增加促进了他们企业的发展。

2．put forward 提出；宣布

He set forward his proposition in no uncertain terms．他毫不含糊地提出了自己的建议。

The proposal she set forward is practicable．她提出的建议是可行的。

3．cause to indicate a later time 拨快

He set his watch forward five min utes in order not to be late．为了不迟到，他把表拨快了5分钟。

set free

release；give freedom 释放；使获自由

Someone has slipped into the prison cell and set the prisoners free．有人溜进牢房，放走了犯人。

Following the Civil War，the Southern slaves were set free．美国内战后，南方奴隶获得了解放。

set in

begin；start 开始

Before the boat could reach shore， a storm had set in．小船还未靠岸，暴风雨就来了。

The rainy season has set in．雨季开始了。

He didn't keep the wound clean，so infection set in．由于没有保持清洁，伤口开始发炎了。

set off

1．decorate through contrast 衬托

The bright colors of the birds were set off by the white snow．白雪的衬托使这些鸟的颜色显得更加鲜艳。

A red flower needs to be set off by green leaves．红花还需绿叶扶持。

2．balance 弥补

Her great wealth，as he thought， set off her plain face．正如他所想的那样，她的巨大财富弥补了她相貌平淡的不足。

You can set the heavy expenses off against a probable increase in sa lary．薪水可能会增加，这样你就能弥补开支的严重不足。

3．start to go 出发

They set off for the West in a wagon．他们乘马车去西部。

Having said farewell to their friends，they set off for home．向朋友们告别后，他们动身回家。

4．cause to begin 引起

A letter from home set off an at tack of homesickness．一封家信一下子唤起了他的思乡之情。

Don't mention Italy；you'll set him off on his holiday adventures again．不要提意大利，这会使他又谈起他度假时的冒险经历。

She had stopped crying but his shouting set her off again．她已止住了哭，可他的叫喊使她又哭了起来。

5．cause to explode 使爆炸

On July 4 we set off firecrackers in many places．7月4日这一天，我们在许多地方燃放爆竹。

set（up）on

1．attack 袭击

Tom was walking through the park when a gang of boys set on him．汤姆穿过公园时，一群男孩袭击了他。

2．cause to attack 使袭击；唆使

Some boys want to steal melons but the farmer set his dog on them．有些男孩想偷瓜，那个农民就放出狗去咬他们。

3．be determined on 决定

John is set on playing cricket for England．约翰已决定为英格兰打板球。

My wife is set on having that fur coat．我妻子一心想买那件皮大衣。

set on fire

cause to burn 使燃烧；点燃

Be careful with the candle，you will set those curtains on fire．当心蜡烛，你会把帘子烧着的。

set on foot

begin；cause to start 开始；使开始

Plans have been set on foot for a party for Miss Jackson，because she is retiring．已经计划为杰克逊小姐举行一个聚会，因为她要退休了。

set one's heart（up）on

1．want very much 很想要（或很想得到）

He set his heart on that bike．他很想要那辆自行车。

2．hope very much to succeed in doing sth．很希望成功地做某事

He set his heart on winning the race．他很希望能赢得这场比赛。

set one's mind to/on

pull all one's efforts into doing sth．专心于；一心想

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it．世上无难事，只怕有心人。

If he sets his mind on doing some thing，it takes a lot to dissuade him．如果他下决心要做某事，要花很大努力才能说服他不去做。

set out

1．leave on a journey or voyage 启程或启航

The Pilgrims set out for the New World．英国清教徒们启航驶向“新大陆”。

He will set out tomorrow on his journey to Beijing．他明天动身去北京。

2．attempt 试图

George set out to improve his pitch ing．乔治试图提高他的投球技术。

He set out to do a lot of things，but didn't succeed．他原打算做许多事，但都未成功。

3．plant in the ground 种植

The gardener set out some tomato seedlings．这位园丁种植了些西红柿苗。

4．display 陈列；布置

The goods are set out in the shop window．商品陈列在商店的橱窗里。

It took them an hour to set out the room ready for the reception．他们花了一小时把房间布置好，准备开招待会。

5．start to do sth．开始；着手

They set out to perform the opera tion．他们开始动手术。

They are setting out on a new ex periment．他们正着手进行一项新的试验。

6．state；describe；define 陈述；叙述；说明

He set out his ideas in simple Eng lish．他用简单的英文表达了他的想法。

He carefully set out all the facts．他仔细陈述了全部事实。

set sail

begin a sea voyage 启航

The ship set sail for Europe．这船启航驶往欧洲。

set to

1．start to do sth．eagerly 积极地做某事

They set to and cleaned the whole house in two hours．他们开始打扫屋子，两个小时就打扫完了。

2．begin arguing or fighting 开始争吵或打架

The boys set to and the teacher could hardly separate them．男孩们打架了，老师简直无法把他们分开。

set up

1．put upright；raise 竖立；升起

They set up some stones as land marks．他们竖起一些石头当界碑。

An improvised platform was set up in the market square．集市场上搭起了一座临时讲台。

They set up a notice on the wall．他们在墙上贴出一张通告。

2．construct；found 建立；设立；创立

They set up a committee to investi gate the matter．他们成立了一个委员会来调查这件事。

The school has set up a special class to help poor readers．学校专门办了一个班来帮助阅读能力差的学生。

The government has set up a tri bunal to examine the problem．政府设置了专门法庭来审查这个问题。

3．achieve or establish 创造（纪录等）

The French team set up a new record at tonight's meeting．在今晚的会上法国队创了一个新纪录。

They have set up a new record for the flight to Beijing．他们创造了一项飞往北京的飞行纪录。

4．put forward；propose 提出；提议

They have set up a new opinion re garding the case．他们对此事提出了一个新的意见。

What defence did his counsel set up in the trial？审判时他的律师提出了什么辩护？

5．extol as a model 树立；推崇

He is setting up an example by persisting in manual labour．他在坚持体力劳动方面树立了榜样。

6．help sb．start a business by pro viding the money required 帮助（某人）从事（某种）职业

His father set him up in a restau rant．他父亲帮他开了个饭店。

Jack was set up in business by a rel ative．杰克在一个亲戚的资助下开始经商。

7．make proud or vain 使居高自傲

Don't be set up about your success．不要有了成就就骄傲自满。

8．make a claim 自称；自命为…

He sets himself up as an expert in this field．他自认为是这个领域的专家。

He set himself up to be a graduate of a medical school，but he was not．他自称是医科毕业生，其实不是。

9．cause or produce sth．引起；产生

The heavy rain set up dangerous conditions on the motorway．大雨造成了公路上的危险状况。

Ocean tides are set up by the pull between the earth and the moon．海潮是地球与月球之间的引力引起的。

10．cause to be heard 大声发出

She set up a shout that might have frightened anyone．她扯开嗓子大喊了一声，声音之大真会把人吓一跳。

11．make sb．feel healthier，hap pier，etc．使振作；使高兴

My holiday really set me up for the winter．我的休假确实让我在冬天变得强壮。

The boy was set up by the unex pected praise．意想不到的表扬使这个男孩感到振奋。

12．make a gift of；treat 馈赠；请…客

He set me up to a nice dinner that night．那天晚上他请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚饭。

13．put in type 排版；印刷

He has set the text up．他把文稿排完了。

The book will be published shortly；the type is being set up now．这本书正在排印，不久就可以出版。

settle accounts with

pay what one owes 同…算清账

He used to settle accounts with the grocer at the end of each month．他总是每月底同杂货商结账。

settle down

1．have a regular place to live and a regular job；begin a normal，sta ble life 生活和工作安顿下来；安居乐业

John will settle down after he gets a job and gets married．约翰在找到工作并且结婚以后才会安顿下来。

Many people settle down in San Diego because of the fine weather．许多人在圣地亚哥安居下来，因为那儿的气候宜人。

2．become calm，quiet or peaceful安静下来

The house settled down for the night after the children were put to bed．夜晚孩子们被安顿上床后，这所房子就平静下来了。

The children settled down when their teacher entered．老师进来以后，孩子们就安静下来了。

3．begin to concentrate on 开始专心于

There were so many distractions that we were unable to settle down to studying．有那么多令人分心的事，我们无法安下心来学习。

4．sit or lie comfortably 舒服地坐着或躺着

She settled down in the back of the car and fell asleep quickly．她舒服地坐在汽车后座上，很快就睡着了。

settle for

accept sth．which is not as good as one hoped for 接受；满足于

She wanted to be a lawyer but she had to settle for being a secretary．她想当一名律师，但后来甘愿当了名秘书。

He is so keen to sell his houses that he is willing to settle for less than the asking price．他急于想出售他的房子，所以他愿意接受低于开价的价格。

settle in

move in and put things in order 迁入新居并安顿好

You must come and see our new house when we've settled in．等我们安顿好了，你一定来看看我们的新居。

They got into Dolon and settled in at an outoftheway inn．他们来到多伦，在一家偏僻的旅店里住了下来。

settle on

1．decide or agree on 决定或达成一致意见

She wanted blue and I wanted yel low，so we settled on green．她要蓝的，我要黄的，最后我们决定要绿的。

I don't know what dress she finally settled on．我不知道她最后选定了什么样的衣服。

We finally sttled on Greece for our holiday．我们最后决定去希腊度假。

2．land on 降落于

The bird settled on the branch and folded its wings．鸟落在树枝上，收起了翅膀。

3．give（money or property）for mally to sb．正式把（钱、财）给予

She settled a small sum on each of her children．她给每个孩子一小笔钱。

settle up

pay a bill or debt 结帐或付债

He asked the waiter for the bill，and settled up．他向侍者要来了帐单，结了帐。

You paid for the theatre tickets and the meal．I'd better settle up with you now．你付了戏票和饭钱，现在我们最好把帐结了。

settle with

take revenge on 向…报复

I'll settle with him one day for telling people I am a thief．我总有一天会向他报复的，因为他对别人说我是个小偷。

sew up

1．mend completely by sewing 缝合；缝补好

She sewed the tear up．她缝好了撕破的口子。

The cut in his finger was sewn up with a piece of fine silk．他手指上的伤口是用细丝线缝合起来的。

2．complete or settle 解决；顺利完成

He was determined to sew up the deal defore the meeting ended．他决定在会议结束前做成交易。

All the details of the project are sewn up．这项工程的细节已经全部定了下来。

shake down

1．cause to fall by shaking 摇落

He shook some pears down from the tree．他从树上摇落下几个梨子。

2．become used to a new place of work，way of living，etc．适应下来

You'll soon shake down at the new post．你很快就会适应新的工作岗位的。

The boy will soon shake down at his new school．孩子很快就会适应他的新学校。

3．take up temporary quarters；sleep 临时寄宿；睡觉

Let's spread the blankets on the floor；we can shake down on them for the night．我们在地板上铺了几条毯子，这样就能在地铺上过夜了。

Let's shake down here．我们就睡这儿吧。

shake off

1．remove by shaking 抖落

He stamped his feet to shake the snow off his boots．他跺了跺脚，把靴子上的雪抖掉。

The dog shook off the drops of water．那狗抖落掉身上的水珠。

2．escape from sb．逃脱

After a threemile chase through the woods，he was able to shake off the police．他在树林中被警察追了3英里，终于把他们甩掉了。

Our pilot dived into a bank of cloud and shook off the enemy fighters．我们的飞行员驾机钻入云层，甩掉了敌人的战斗机。

3．free oneself from（trouble，ill ness）摆脱（麻烦、病）

I can't seem to shake off this fever．这次发烧我似乎好不了。

Only in this way can we shake off their evil influence．只有这样我们才能摆脱掉他们的恶劣影响。

She found it difficult to shake off this feeling．她感到很难摆脱这种情绪。

shake up

1．shake as fully as possible 摇匀；摇松

You must shake up the medicine each time before you take it．每次服药前都必须把药摇匀。

Shake them all up together．把它们摇匀。

2．disturb；agitate 干扰；震动；震惊

The notice about a cut in pay shook up everybody in the office．减薪的通知使办公室里人人忧心忡忡。

The news shook him up a bit．那消息使他有点震惊。

3．rouse by shaking 激励；使振作

Shake yourself up，young man．振作起来，年轻人。

I hope her closeness to failure in the exam will shake her up．我希望她这次考试几乎失败能使她清醒起来。

shape up

1．assume a shape 形成；成型

Try to shape up your work in the next few weeks．设法在下几周内把你的工作搞出个样子来。

2．make progress 取得进步

How are the new boys in your team shaping up？你们队里新来的小伙子现在取得了什么进展？

These students are shaping up well．这些学生正在顺利成长。

share in

have a share or part in 分享；分担

He wished we were there to share in his joy．他希望我们在那儿共享他的喜悦。

She shares in his troubles as well as in his joy．她与他同患难，共欢乐。

share out

divide and assign in portions 分配；分摊

The money has been shared out．钱已经分了。

See that these things are shared out fairly．设法使这些东西得到公平分配。

shell out

pay out too much，usu．unwilling ly 支付；付出

I'm always asked to shell out for my child's dancing lessons．我总是被告知要支付我孩子上舞蹈课的费用。

It's not worth shelling out any more money on my car．不值得在我的车上再花任何钱。

ship off

send off by ship 用船运去；运走

We'll ship the goods off to them immediately．我们将立即把货物运给他们。

The men were shipped off to the Far East．那些人被用船运去远东。

shoot down

1．bring down by shooting 击落

They shot down three enemy planes in their first engagement．在第1次空战中，他们击落了3架敌飞机。

2．criticise and dismiss an idea，suggestion，etc．极严厉地批评

The headmaster shot down my plan for making money for the school．校长极严厉地批评了我那为学校赚钱的计划。

Why did you shoot him down like that？你为何那么严厉地批评他？

shoot out

emerge quickly and suddenly from somewhere 猛然出现

Rice was shooting out into ears．稻子已经抽穗了。

The snake shot out its tongue．蛇猛地伸出舌头。

He was shot out of the seat as the two cars collided．两车相撞时，他被甩出了座位。

shoot up

1．grow rapidly 迅速成长

When he was thirteen years old，Billy began to shoot up．贝利从13岁起，个子就开始猛长。

2．arise suddenly 突然升起

As we watched，flames shot up from the roof of the house．我们看着看着，火焰突然从屋顶窜起来。

Rents in that city have shot up in the last few months．最近几个月那城市的房租又涨了。

3．shoot recklessly and hurt badly乱枪射伤（射坏）

The gunfighters shot up the town．持枪者开枪扫射整个城镇。

short and sweet

brief and to the point；without de lay 简短扼要；不拖延

The politician's speech was surpris ingly short and sweet；it only last ed ten minutes．这位政治家的演讲令人惊奇地简短扼要，仅仅用了10分钟就讲完了。

The students appreciated the fact that the teacher made the exam short and sweet．学生们很欣赏老师把考试搞得少而精。

short of

1．not having enough 不足；缺少

We did not buy anything because we were short of money．我们因为缺钱，就什么也没买。

I must stop a bit．I'm short of breath．我得歇一歇，我喘不过气来了。

2．away from 远离…；距离

The day's drive still left us a hun dred miles short of the ocean．车跑了一天，我们离海边还有一百英里。

shoulder to shoulder

1．one beside the other；together在一起

The three boys were shoulder to shoulder during the working hours．整个工作期间，这3个男孩一直在一起。

2．each helping the other；in agreement 团结一致

We can win the fight if we all stand shoulder to shoulder．如果团结一致，我们就能赢得这场战斗。

shout down

silence by shouting；shout louder than 大声叫喊使静下来；叫喊得比…响

The crowd shouted down the speaker who approved of nuclear weapons．群众大声喊叫，迫使那个赞成核武器的演讲者住嘴。

They like to shout down the opposi tion．他们喜欢用大声叫喊来压倒对方。

show in/out

lead in/out 领进（或领出）

The usher showed us in to our seats．引座员领我们进去找到了座位。

The guards showed the visitors out．警卫领着客人出去了。

show off

1．put out nicely for people 展出

The Science Fair gave Julia a chance to show off her shell collec tion．科学博览会使朱莉娅有机会展出她所收集的贝壳。

He enjoys showing off his new car to people．他喜欢向人们显示他的新车。

2．display to excess one's ability or possessions 炫耀

Joe has not missed a chance to show off his muscles since that pretty girl moved in next door．自从那个漂亮的姑娘搬进隔壁以来，乔从未放弃过任何机会来炫耀自己健美的肌肉。

show round

show with direction 带…参观

They were taken to the house and shown round．他们被领着四处参观那座房子。

If you are free on Wednesday，I'll be delighted to show you round the place．你要是星期三有空，我很乐意带你去游览那个地方。

show up

1．make known the real truth about 使了解真相；揭露

The man said that he was a mind reader，but he was shown up a fake．那人说他能知道别人在想什么，但他实际上是一个骗子。

All their deceptions have been shown up by their own deeds．他们的种种欺骗都被自己的行为揭穿了。

2．become or make easy to see 使显露

The detective put a chemical on the paper，and the fingerprints showed up．侦探在纸上涂了化学试剂，指纹就显示了出来。

The sun shows up the dirt on the windows．阳光下，窗户上的污迹都显露了出来。

3．appear；come 出席；到来

We had agreed to meet at the gym，but Larry didn't show up．我们商量好在体育馆见面，但拉里没有来。

We thought that you were never going to show up．我们以为你永远都不会露面了。

He showed up an hour late．他来了，迟到了一小时。

4．make sb．feel shame 使…难堪

When we go to dinner parties my husband always shows me up with the rude jokes he tells．每次我们去参加宴会，我丈夫总是开些粗俗的玩笑，使我很难堪。

He showed his parents up rather badly．他给他父母丢尽了脸。

My friend always shows me up by laughing too loudly in the theatre．我朋友总在电影院里放声大笑，使我很尴尬。

shrug off

dismiss sth．as not worth worrying about 轻视

You can't shrug off all your re sponsibilities onto other people．你不能对你的职责置之不理，而全推到别人身上。

She just shrugged the whole matter off．她对整个这件事不屑一顾。

Adam shrugged off our questions；he would not tell us what had hap pened．亚当回避我们的问题，不愿告诉我们发生了什么事。

shuffle off

try to rid oneself of responsibility for sth．by passing it onto sb．else推卸；摆脱

Although he had made the mistake himself，he tried to shuffle the blame off onto his son．尽管是他自己犯了错，但他企图把罪责推到儿子身上。

He shuffled off his old friends when he became famous．他成名以后就抛弃了老朋友。

shut away

lock away；isolate 锁住；隔绝

They feel very shut away in that remote little cottage．他们觉得在那座偏远的小屋里非常闭塞。

Jim shut himself away for a month to catch up on his academic work．杰姆为赶写他的学术著作闭门谢客一个月。

shut down

lose completely 完全关闭

The factory shuts down for three weeks every summer．每年夏季这工厂休息3个星期。

The business was losing so much money that the owner had to shut it down．由于亏损太多，店主只得停业。

shut in

lock in；enclose 禁闭；围住

She feels rather shut in in this house．她觉得简直是被关在这屋子里。

The town is shut in by high hills on everyside．这城镇四面环山。

shut off

1．make（water or electricity）stop coming 切断（水、电）

Please shut off the hose before the grass gets too wet．请及时关掉水管，以免草地太湿。

They have shut off the water sup ply．他们已切断了水源。

2．be apart；be separated from 被隔绝；被隔离

Our camp is so far from the highway that we feel shut off from the world when we are there．我们的营地离公路很远，所以我们在那儿时有种与世隔绝的感觉。

They feel shut off from all human contact on this island． 他们觉得在这岛上与人世隔绝了。

3． separate…from使…隔开

The pig was so bad tempered that we had to shut it off from its young．那头猪脾气很坏，我们只好把它与猪仔分开。

The road is shut off from traffic．此路禁止车辆行驶。

shut one's eyes／ears to

not pay attention to不看；不听

There's sense shutting your eyes to facts．闭眼不看事实是没有道理的。

He shut his ears to all appeals for help．他对一切求援的呼吁充耳不闻。

shut out

1．exclude； lock out排斥；遮住

The late comers werer shut out．晚到的人都被关在门外。

If you close the door， you can shut out the noise．关上那扇门，你就能把噪音隔在外边。

They shut out the dust by having double windows．他们安装双重窗来挡尘土。

He pulled down the blinds to shut out the sunlight．他拉下百叶窗挡住阳光。

2． prevent from scoring in a game （在比赛中）使（对方）不能得分

Our team hasn't shut out once this season．本赛季我们球队每场都赢。

Our school basketball team shut out the visiting team at the game yesterday．在昨天的比赛中，我校篮球队击败了客队。

shut up

1．prevent from coming in；block 阻止进入；阻拦

During World WarⅡ Malta managed to shut up most of the Italian and German bombers by throwing up an effective antiaircraft screen．在第二次世界大战期间，马耳他通过建立有效的防空屏障，成功地阻止了意大利和德国轰炸机的袭击。

2．prevent（an opposing team）from scoring throughout an entire game使对方在整个比赛中得不到分

Dodgers shut up the Reds， 5∶ 0．道乔队以5∶0打败红队。

3．（cause to） stop talking（使）停止讲话

Little Ruthie told Father everything before Mother could shut her up．母亲还来不及阻止小露丝，她就把什么都告诉了父亲。

He shut up when he realized nobody was listening to him．当意识到没人在听时，他住嘴了。

4．cease or suspend an operation or business停止或暂停工作或营业

There'll be an important meeting this evening，so we'll shut up early today．晚上有一个重要会议，因此今天我们将提前下班。

5． close the doors and windows of 关好门窗

We got the house shut up only minutes before the storm came．暴风雨来临之前几分钟，我们才把屋子的门窗关好。

The shop was shut up at nine at night．商店晚上9点关门。

5．confine禁闭

The dog bites． It should be shut up．这狗咬人，该把它关起来。

He shut the girl up in the house and refused to allow her to leave．他把女孩关在屋里，不许她离开。

shy away／off

avoid sth．which is unpleasant，difficult，etc．回避；离开

After one term as City Councilman，Smith shied away from politics．当了一任市议员后，史密斯就离开了政界。

She shies away from anybody touching her．她总是避开碰她的人。

The horse shied off when I tried to mount it．正当我想骑上那匹马时，它却惊得连连后退。

shy of

1．not bold； nervous in the company of others； not putting oneself forward羞怯的；畏缩的

Small children are often shy of anyone they do not know．儿童在生人面前往往显得腼腆。

Don't be sky of telling me what you want．不要有顾虑，需要些什么，尽管告诉我。

2．lacking不足的；缺乏的

They need a loan because they are shy of funds now．他们手头资金短缺，正需贷款。

sick of

tired of；disliking厌腻；不喜欢

I am sick of winter；why doesn't spring come？我讨厌冬天，春天为什么还不来呢？

Everyone got sick of his smoking in the classroom．大家都讨厌他在教室里抽烟。

side by side

close together在一起

The two boys played side by side all afternoon．这两个男孩整个下午一直在一起玩。

We must stand side by side in our days of trouble．在困难的日子里，我们一定要并肩站在一起。

side with

agree with； help赞同；支持

Adam always sides with John in an argument．争论时亚当总是支持约翰。

Actually very few people sided with their reform plan．事实上，很少有人赞同他们的改革计划。

He always sided with his mother．他总站在母亲一边。

sigh for

long for渴望；怀念

He is sighing for home and friends．他在思念家人和朋友。

Old men quite often sighed for the happy days of their youth．老年人往往思慕他们青年时代的愉快岁月。

sign away

formally give up rights， property，money，etc．by signing a document签字放弃（权利等）

He signed away his share of the house to his daughter．他签字把他那份房产让与女儿。

He later regretted that he signed away his right to his mother's estate．他后悔他签字放弃了继承他母亲遗产的权利。

sign in

indicate one's arrival by signing a register签到

Teachers go to the office and sign in each morning before going to their classrooms．教师们每天早晨先到办公室签到，然后去教室上课。

sign off

1． mark the end of a radio or television programme for the day结束广播

This is your favorite announcer signing off for tonight．这是你最喜欢的播音员在结束今晚的广播。

The local station signs off at midnight．地方台午夜停止广播。

2．end a letter结束书信

I must sign off now．Love，Mary．就止停笔。爱你的，玛丽。

3．stop work for the day停止工作

Because of the snow，we signed off at three o'clock．由于下雪，我们3点钟就下班了。

The man signed off work at half past six．那人在6点半下班。

sign on

1．sign an agreement to work for a company；join a team签约受雇

He signed on yesterday and will start work on Monday．他昨天签订了合同，星期一就要上班。

He signed on for another six years．他签约再工作6年。

2．begin a radio programme for the day电台开始广播

The BBC signs on at six o'clock every morning．BBC广播每天早上6点开始广播。

3．register as unemployed at an office of the Department of Health and Social Security in Britain 在英国就业部地方办事处办理失业登记

When the steel works closed， a thousand men had to sign on ．当钢铁厂关闭时，1000名工人只得去办理失业登记手续。

sign out

indicate one's departure by signing a register签名登记离开

We signed out of college on Friday evening and returned on Monday morning．我们星期五晚上登记离校，星期一早上回校。

I'll sign them out and guarantee their good behavior．我给他们签字放行，保证他们行为端正。

sign up

1．join by signing签约受雇；招收

Our factory signed up a number of young workers last week．上周我厂招收了一批青年工人。

2．arrange a contact with跟…安排合同

They managed to sign up all the best performers．他们设法跟所有最佳演员签订了合同。

similar to

like；resembling类似

His views are similar to mine．他的看法和我相似。

sing out

1．sing loudly大声唱

The children sang out lustily． 孩子们拉开嗓门使劲地唱。

2．call out loudly大声叫喊

If you need anything，just sing out and I'll come．如果你要什么的话，就大声喊我，我会来的。

The bell sang out the hour of midnight．钟声报出了午夜12点。

single out

select one person or thing from among many for special treatment 挑选出

We all did well，but the teacher singled him out for praise．我们都做得很好，但老师就表扬了他一个人。

He seems to have been singled out for all the nasty jobs． 他似乎是被挑出来专干脏活的。

I don't know why they keep singling me out for abuse？我不知道他们为什么专喜欢骂我。

sink／soak in

1．（cause to）sink into陷入；沉入

If the ink sinks in it'll be hard to remove the spot from the cloth．布一沾到墨水，墨迹就很难洗净。

2．be absorbed， understood or acknowledged被充分理解或领会

I think it has finally sunk in that she must be more careful：she won't forget her passport again！我想她终于领悟到她必须更加小心，她再也不会忘了她的护照！

Everybody laughed at the joke but Joe；it took a moment for it to sink in before he laughed too．除了乔每个人都被这笑话逗乐了，过了一会儿他完全理解过来也笑了。

sit about／around

sit and do nothing懒洋洋地闲坐

She sat around all day and watched me clean the house．她整天闲坐着看我打扫房子。

Don't just sit about and dream！不要只是呆坐着梦想！

sit back

1．relax and do nothing休息

It's marvellous to be able to sit back after a day's hard work．一天辛劳工作后能坐下来休息休息真是太美妙了。

Get on with the work；this is not time to sit back．干活吧，这会儿可不是坐下来休息的时候。

2．be inactive；become a spectator 不采取行动；旁观

He's happy just to sit back and let others make the decision．他真乐意袖手旁观而让别人作决定。

Do you expect me to sit back and do nothing？你希望我袖手旁观什么也不干吗？

sit by

1．stay near；watch and care for 守护照料

Mother sat by her sick baby all night．母亲通宵在生病的婴儿身边照料。

2．observe but fail to act as needed 袖手旁观

Even when his daughter was in trouble，he just sat by and did not help．即使他女儿陷入困境时，他也袖手旁观不予支援。

Don't just sit idly by while the other children are all busy．别的孩子都正忙着，你不要闲着什么也不干。

sit down

1．sit on a seat or resting place坐下

After the gym class Jim was tired and was glad to sit down and rest．体育课结束后，吉姆很累，因此很高兴能坐下来休息。

2．sit on the ground to express opposition静坐反对

All the students sat down and refused to leave the building．所有的学生都静坐，拒绝离开大楼。

3．suffer without protest or complaint逆来顺受

I couldn't sit down any longer．我再也无法忍受下去了。

sit for

1．take an examination应（考）；参加（考试）

His teachers said he should sit for university．他老师都说，他应该参加高考。

He sat for a scholarship and got one．他参加了争取奖学金的考试，并得到了奖学金。

2．be a member of parliament for a certain place代表…在议会占一个席位

He sits for a town in Cambridgeshire．他是剑桥郡一个市镇选区选出的议员。

sit in

1．sit in a place，for a special purpose为某一特殊目的而坐在某处

He sits in with the patients while the nurse has a rest．护士休息的时候，他坐在那儿照看病人。

2．replace临时代替

The president is ill tonight so the secretary will be sitting in for her as chairman at the meeting．主席今晚生病，因此秘书将代她主持会议。

3． demonstrate by sitting in a place坐某处示威

The students have been sitting in for the last two weeks．上两个星期学生一直在静坐示威。

4．babysit替人临时照看婴孩

When her son and daughterin一law went to the cinema，she had to sit in with their child．她儿子、儿媳去看电影时，她得替他们照看孩子。

sit in on

attend as a visitor or an observer 作为来访客人参加

The professor said I could sit in on his linguistics lectures．教授说我可以旁听他的语言学课程。

Our teacher was invited to sit in on the conference．我们的老师应邀列席会议。

She sat in on the whole debate．整个辩论她都在场。

sit on

1．continue to sit继续坐着

She sat on until someone agreed to help．她一直坐到有人同意帮忙为止。

2．delay taking action on sth．搁置；压下

They have been sitting on my job application for weeks．他们把我的求职申请压了好几个星期。

For weeks they did nothing about my case；they just sat on it．他们好几个星期拒不审理我的案子，他们就是拖。

3．serve as a member of当…的一个成员

Mr． Brown sat on the jury at the trial．布朗先生担任陪审员。

He has been sitting on the English committee ever since he came to university．一进大学他就成了英语协会的一员。

4． quickly subdue sb．who behaves rudely or impertinently申斥；压制

Her brother sat on her firmly whenever she was too noisy or silly．每当她太吵或太蠢时，她哥哥都要训斥她。

The teacher sat on Jack as soon as he began showing off．杰克一开始卖弄小聪明，老师就马上加以制止。

sit out

1．remain seated during a dance坐着不跳舞

I think I'll sit out the next dance；I'm tired．下一个舞我不想跳了，我很累。

2． stay until the end of（a play）看完（戏）

I decided to sit out the rest of the film although I was not especially enjoying it， but my friends were．虽然我并不太喜欢这部电影，可是我的朋友们喜欢，因此我决定还是把它看完。

It was a tedious show and very few people sat it out．那部电影冗长乏味，很少有人坚持看完的。

3． stay longer than比…留得久

It was her turn to leave， but she decided to sit the other women out．该她走了，可她却决定等其他妇女都走后再离开。

I wonder which of the visitors will sit out the other．我不知道两位客人中哪一位坐得更久。

4． sit out of doors坐在室外

Isn't it nice when the sun is warm enough for us to sit out？太阳暖洋洋，我们坐到室外去不是很好吗？

sit through

watch or listen until sth． is finished看完或听完

Though he was busy，he sat through the performance of the play．尽管忙，他还是坚持看完这剧的演出。

We had to sit through the first half of the film without the sound．电影的前半部分我们是在无声中看完的。

sit tight

1．make no move or change坐着不动

Mother told her little son to sit tight until she came back．母亲告诉孩子坐着不要动，等她回来。

Sit tight；I'll be ready to go in a few minutes．等等，我一会儿就走。

2．stick to one's opinion坚持意见

I was unable to dissuade him． He is still sitting tight with regard to his opinion that he ought to leave his present job．我无法劝阻他，他仍然固执己见，要辞去他现在的工作。

Both of them sat tight with their own arguments．他俩各执己见，互不相让。

sit up

1．move into a sitting position坐起身来

Joe sat up when he heard the knock on his bedroom door．乔听到有人敲寝室的门，就坐起身来。

She sat the old man up in bed．她扶老人起来坐在床上。

2．stay awake instead of going to bed迟睡；熬夜

Mrs．Jones will sit up until both of her daughters get home from the dance．琼斯夫人要等到她两个女儿跳舞回来后再休息。

I'll be late tonight． Don't sit up for me．今晚我回来得迟，不要等我。

3． be surprised惊讶

Janice really sat up when I told her the gossip about Tom．当我把有关汤姆的流言蜚语告诉詹妮丝时，她确实很惊讶。

You should have seen them all sit up as soon as I mentioned money．你应该注意到，当我一提起钱的时候，他们个个都警觉了起来。

sit with

1．be accepted by被接受（常用于否定句或疑问句中）

Did your story sit with your mother？你编造的假话你母亲相信吗？

Bob's poor sportsmanship does not sit well with the coach．鲍勃不守运动道德，教练对此很恼火。

2．nurse or attend sb． who is ill照看病人

You go to bed for an hour；I'll sit with your mother while you are asleep．你去睡一小时，我来帮你照看你母亲。

size up

decide what one thinks about or form an opinion about考虑或估量

Give Joe an hour to size up the situation and he'll tell you what to do next．给乔一个小时分析一下形势，然后他会告诉你下一步该怎么办。

As the outlook sizes up at this time，we are going to have another good harvest this year．照目前的情况看来，我们今年又将获得丰收。

skate on thin ice

take a chance； risk danger如履薄冰；冒险

A politician would be skating on thin ice if he took a stand in opposition to a popular cause．一个政治家如果反对群众欢迎的事，那将是十分危险的。

If I were you，I wouldn't do it that way．As it is，I think you're skating on thin ice．要是我，我决不会那样干。就眼下情况看，我认为你是在冒险。

skeleton in the closet

a shameful secret in a family家丑

The skeleton in our family closet was Uncle Willie．No one mentioned him because he drank too much．我们家见不得人的是威利叔叔，他喝酒太多，因此没有人提起他。

sketch out

draw roughly，草拟；概略地叙述

He sketched out his plan， so that we had some idea of what he would do．他概略地叙述了他的计划，使我们对他的打算有所了解。

He sketched out the general picture first．他先把整幅画粗略地画了出来。

skim through

read quickly through浏览

I have just skimmed through the book；I intend to read it thoroughly when I get more time．这本书我只是浏览了一下，打算以后有充裕的时间再精读它。

skip off／out

leave without attracting attention 悄悄离开

He skipped off quickly when the waiter brought us the bill．侍者拿来帐单时，他很快溜走了。

She is always skipping out when there is washingup to be done．当要洗碗时，她总是悄悄溜走。

skip over

pass over； omit；ignore略过；遗漏；忽视

Let's skip over these points and come to the main argument．我们略过这几点来看看主要论点吧。

I'll skip over your rudeness．我不会计较你的粗鲁。

slap down

1． slam down砰地摔下

A boy in uniform came into the shop， slapped a telegram down on the counter，and went out without waiting for a reply．一个穿制服的小伙子走进店铺，把一封电报啪地一声放在柜台上，不等答话就走了。

2．firmly prevent sb．from doing sth．坚决阻止；斥责

He soon slapped her down when she wanted to speak．她想说话时，他很快阻止了她。

Anyone who speaks out of turn in the Old Man's presence is liable to be slapped down．谁要是在老板面前随随便便说话都会遭到严厉训斥。

Any attempt at reform was quickly slapped down．进行改革的任何企图都很快地遭到压制。

3．reduce in stature or humiliate，as if by slapping灭…的威风；羞辱

It's time someone slapped him down．该是杀杀他威风的时候了。

slap in the face

1．an insult；a disappointment侮辱；失望

The minister's decision was a slap in the face to those who had tried to change his mind．部长的决定等于是在那些企图使他改变主意的人的脸上打了一记耳光。

Susan thought it was a slap in the face when her boyfriend invited another girl to the dance．苏珊认为她男友邀另一女孩去跳舞对她是一种侮辱。

2．insult；embarrass；make feel bad侮辱某人；使某人不快

I don't want to slap her in the face by not coming to her party．我不想由于不参加她的晚会而使她扫兴。

sleep off

get rid of by sleeping以睡眠消除；以睡眠治愈

She is suffering from headache and I tell her to sleep it off．她头痛，我告诉她睡一睡就会好的。

He is in a bad mood today，but he'll sleep it off．他今天情绪不好，不过睡一觉就会好的。

sleep on

have a night's sleep before making a decision about sth．把某事留待第2天解决

I can't decide what to do． I'll sleep on it and let you know tomorrow．我现在定不下来该怎么做，今天晚上好好想想，明天告诉你。

Let's sleep on it and try again tomorrow．我们把问题留待明天再设法解决吧。

slide over

pass over quickly； barely touch upon略过；稍为触及

This is not a matter that can be slid over；let's discuss it openly．这不是一个可以随便滑过去的问题，还是让我们坦率地加以讨论吧。

You may slide over the problem now， but I'm quite sure it will crop up again one day．眼下你可以回避这个问题，不过，我相信这问题有一天还会出现的。

slip away

1．leave quietly悄悄离开

I'd like to slip away before the end of the meeting，so I'll sit at the back．我想在会议结束前溜走，因此我要坐在后排。

2．（of time） pass quickly（时间）过得很快

The summer has simply slipped away，but we've had such fun！夏天就这么过去了，可我们玩得真痛快！

slip by

pass away quietly（时间）悄悄过去

As the years slipped by，I thought less about her．随着岁月的流逝，我越来越不想她了。

The afternoon slipped by very pleasantly．一个下午很愉快地就过去了。

slip into

1． enter by sliding滑过

The car turned on the wet road and slipped into the fence．汽车开上潮湿的路面，滑进了围栏。

As the door closes the catch slips into place．门一关上，门扣就自动扣紧。

Be careful not to let errors slip into the proofs．注意不要让校样中出现差错。

2．enter silently or secretly 悄悄溜进 I have to come late，so I'll slip into the room at the back if you will save me a place．我会来迟一点，如果你愿意给我留个位子，我就从后面溜进屋去。

Later，Mother slipped into the children's room to make sure they were all asleep．过了一会儿，母亲悄悄走进孩子们的房间，看看他们睡着了没有。

3．pass…into secretly悄悄把…放入

She slipped a note into my hand when the teacher wasn't looking．老师没注意看的时候，她把一张条子悄悄地塞进我的手里。

He slipped a coin into the old man's hand．他把一枚硬币塞入老人手中。

4． put on quickly匆忙穿上

After supper， he slipped into his overcoat and went out．一吃完晚饭，他就披上大衣，出去了。

slip of the pen

the mistake of writing sth． different from what one should or what one planned笔误

That was a slip of the pen，I meant to write September，not November．那是笔误，我原意是要写9月，不是11月。

It was by a slip of the pen that his letter was addressed to Hanzhong Road instead of Hankou Road．由于笔误，他的信寄到了汉中路而没有寄到汉口路。

slip of the tongue／lip

the mistake of saying sth． one had not wanted or planned to say； an error of speech一时说错；失言

I didn't mind what he said， because I knew it was only a slip of the tongue．对他的话我并不介意，我知道他不过是一时说漏了嘴。

She didn't mean to tell our secret；it was a slip of the lip．她无意泄漏我们的秘密，她是不小心说漏了嘴。

slip off

1．fall off by sliding unintentionally不慎滑落

I thought I was safe on the branch，until my foot slipped off and I fell to the ground．我本来认为我在树枝上很安全，但没想到我的脚滑了一下，摔到了地上。

The blanket slipped off the bed．毯子从床上滑落下来。

2．leave quietly悄悄溜走

Mary couldn't bear the party， so she slipped off while no one was looking．玛丽不想再在晚会上呆下去，于是她趁没人注意时溜走了。

He slipped off without waiting for a reply．他不等答复就溜走了。

3．remove（clothes） quickly急急脱掉（衣服）

He slipped his coat off and jumped into the river to save the drowning child．他匆忙脱掉外套，跳入河中去抢救落水儿童。

He slipped off his clothes and went into the bathroom．他迅速脱掉衣服走进浴室。

slip on

put on（clothes，etc．） quickly迅速穿上

She slipped her shoes on．她迅速穿上了鞋子。

Slip your clothes on and come with me．快穿上衣服跟我走。

slip through one's fingers

escape without sb．'s knowing how 从某人指缝中溜掉；失去（机会）

Mike earns a good wage， but he doesn't save a penny． Money just slips through his fingers．迈克收入不错，但他不存一分钱，钱都被他花掉了。

The opportunity will slip through your fingers if you do not seize it．这个机会你不抓住的话，就会错过的。

slip up

make a mistake失误

If he had not slipped up on the last question， his score on the test would have been perfect．最后一个问题如果他没出现失误的话，他的考试成绩就是满分了。

Be careful you don't slip up through overconfidence．小心，别因过分自信而犯错误。

He slipped up over that problem．他在那个问题上搞错了。

slow burn

a slowly increasing feeling of anger 渐渐的发怒

The boys kept teasing John，and watched him do a slow burn．男孩们一直戏弄约翰，看他逐渐愤怒起来。

Her slow burn ended when I explained everything that led to the misundersanding．我讲明误会的来由后，她脸上的愠色渐渐退去。

slow down

（cause to）go more slowly than usual减速

The road was slippery so Mr．Jones slowed down the car．路面太滑，于是琼斯先生就放慢车速。

There were signs at every curve in the road warning motorists to slow down．每个转弯处都有要司机减速的标志。

You should slow down a bit and lead a less hectic life．你应该悠着点，过比较安静的生活。

He has slowed down a lot since his heart attack，自从心脏病发作以来，他行动迟缓多了。

Their objections are slowing down the progress of the engotiations．由于他们的反对，谈判进展缓慢。

We should find some way to slow him down；he is taking on far too much work．我们必须设法让他放松一点，他的工作太重了。

slow up

1．（cause to） go more slowly（使）放慢速度

The truck slowed up as it approached the toll gate．临近收费门时，卡车减了速。

He's over sixty， but he shows no signs of slowing up．他年逾六旬，但并不衰老迟钝。

2．（of business）become less busy （生意）变得清淡

Business slows up at the stores after Christmas．圣诞节后商店的生意就清淡下来。

slow in one's wits

stupid；dull愚笨

He is somewhat slow in his wits． 他有点笨。

small talk

informal conversation； idle chat闲谈；聊天

A little small talk between strangers can sometimes lead to a longlasting relationship．陌生人之间简短的聊天有时可能会导致长久的友谊。

Havinng small talk with him is no fun because his mouth never stops moving．跟他聊天没意思，因为他一直喋喋不休地谈个不停。

smash up

1．break up violently打碎；破坏

The place was badly smashed up in the airraids．这个地方在空袭时被炸成一片废墟。

The whole shop was smashed up．整个商店都被捣毁了。

2．crash and wreck碰撞出事

The car has been smashed up．车被撞毁了。